Tissues Class 9 Science Notes PDF | Chapter 6 with Diagrams best

Tissues Class 9 Science Notes PDF

Tissues Class 9 Science Notes PDF

Tissues Class 9 Science Notes

Download the best Tissues Class 9 Science Notes PDF for quick and easy revision. These notes are based on the latest NCERT curriculum and cover all key topics from Chapter 6 – Tissues including:

  • Plant tissues: Meristematic and Permanent tissues
  • Simple permanent tissues: Parenchyma, Collenchyma, Sclerenchyma
  • Complex permanent tissues: Xylem and Phloem
  • Animal tissues: Epithelial, Muscular, Connective, and Nervous tissues
  • Labeled diagrams, definitions, and example

Plant tissues: Meristematic and Permanent tissues

Plant tissues: Meristematic and Permanent tissues

1. Meristematic Tissues

Meristematic tissues are groups of actively dividing cells found in specific regions of the plant.

Characteristics:

  • Cells are small, with a dense cytoplasm.
  • Nucleus is large; vacuoles are either small or absent.
  • Cell walls are thin and made of cellulose.
  • Found in growing regions of plants.

Types of Meristematic Tissues:

  1. Apical Meristem:
    • Found at the tips of roots and shoots.
    • Responsible for the increase in length of the plant (primary growth).
  2. Intercalary Meristem:
    • Located at internodes or base of leaves (in grasses).
    • Helps in the regrowth of parts.
  3. Lateral Meristem (Cambium):
    • Found on the sides of stems and roots.
    • Responsible for the increase in girth (secondary growth).

🔹 2. Permanent Tissues

Permanent tissues are formed from meristematic tissues once they lose their ability to divide.

Types of Permanent Tissues:

A. Simple Permanent Tissues – Made up of similar types of cells.

  1. Parenchyma
    • Soft, living cells with thin walls.
    • Function: Storage, photosynthesis (if chlorophyll present – called chlorenchyma), and support.
    • Example: Pith of stem.
  2. Collenchyma
    • Living cells with thick corners due to cellulose and pectin.
    • Function: Provides flexibility and mechanical support.
    • Found in leaf stalks and stems.
  3. Sclerenchyma
    • Dead cells with thick, lignified walls.
    • Function: Gives strength and rigidity.
    • Found in seed coats, husk of coconut.

B. Complex Permanent Tissues – Made up of different types of cells.

  1. Xylem (conducts water and minerals):
    • Components: Tracheids, Vessels, Xylem parenchyma, Xylem fibres.
  2. Phloem (conducts food):
    • Components: Sieve tubes, Companion cells, Phloem parenchyma, Phloem fibres.
    • Tissues Class 9 Science Notes PDF | Chapter 6 with Diagrams
Complex permanent tissues: Xylem and Phloem

Animal tissue

1. Epithelial Tissue

Covers the body surface and lines internal organs and cavities.

Characteristics:

  • Cells are tightly packed with very little intercellular space.
  • Acts as a protective layer.
  • Can be single-layered (simple) or multi-layered (stratified).

Types of Epithelial Tissue:

  1. Squamous Epithelium – Thin and flat cells (e.g., lining of mouth, blood vessels).
  2. Cuboidal Epithelium – Cube-shaped cells (e.g., kidney tubules).
  3. Columnar Epithelium – Tall, pillar-like cells (e.g., lining of intestine).
  4. Ciliated Epithelium – Columnar cells with cilia (e.g., respiratory tract).
  5. Glandular Epithelium – Specialized for secretion (e.g., glands).

🔹 2. Connective Tissue

Connects and supports different parts of the body.

Types of Connective Tissue:

  1. Areolar Tissue
    • Found between skin and muscles.
    • Function: Fills space inside organs, provides support.
  2. Adipose Tissue
    • Fat-storing tissue beneath the skin.
    • Function: Insulation and energy storage.
  3. Ligaments
    • Connect bone to bone.
    • Strong but elastic.
  4. Tendons
    • Connect muscle to bone.
    • Strong but less elastic.
  5. Cartilage
    • Flexible tissue (e.g., ear, nose tip).
    • No blood supply.
  6. Bone
    • Hard and strong tissue with calcium and phosphorus.
    • Supports and protects organs.
  7. Blood
    • Fluid connective tissue.
    • Transports gases, nutrients, hormones, etc.

🔹 3. Muscular Tissue

Helps in movement of body parts through contraction and relaxation.

Types of Muscular Tissue:

  1. Striated (Skeletal) Muscles
    • Voluntary, striped appearance.
    • Attached to bones, used for body movement.
  2. Unstriated (Smooth) Muscles
    • Involuntary, no striations.
    • Found in internal organs like stomach, intestines.
  3. Cardiac Muscles
    • Involuntary, striated, and branched.
    • Found only in the heart.

🔹 4. Nervous Tissue

Specialized for transmitting messages in the form of electrical impulses.

Main Cell: Neuron

  • Structure: Cell body, axon, dendrites.
  • Function: Carry messages between brain, spinal cord, and body.

Tissues Class 9 Science Notes PDF | Chapter 6 with Diagrams

Notes pdf