Biomolecules – Hand written best notes class 12
Biomolecules are the essential organic compounds that form the foundation of life. They are naturally occurring molecules present in living organisms and are vital for various biological processes. The four major types of biomolecules — carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids — play unique and critical roles in maintaining structure, function, and regulation in cells. From providing energy and building tissues to storing genetic information, these biomolecules are the building blocks of all forms of life. Understanding their structure and function is key to grasping concepts in biology, biotechnology, and medicine.
Biomolecules – Hand written notes class 12
Biomolecules – Hand written notes class 12 pdf
Biomolecules – Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
1. What are biomolecules?
Biomolecules are organic molecules that are essential for life. They include carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, which perform various structural and functional roles in living organisms.
2. What are the four major types of biomolecules?
The four major types of biomolecules are:
- Carbohydrates – provide energy
- Proteins – perform structural and enzymatic functions
- Lipids – store energy and form cell membranes
- Nucleic Acids – store and transmit genetic information (DNA and RNA
3. What are carbohydrates made of?
Carbohydrates are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Their basic units are monosaccharides like glucose and fructose.
4. What is the function of proteins in the body?
Proteins are involved in structural support, enzyme catalysis, transport, defense (antibodies), and communication (hormones).
5. What are lipids and what do they do?
Lipids are fats and oils that store energy, insulate the body, and form the structural components of cell membranes (phospholipids).
6. What are nucleic acids and why are they important?
Nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, carry genetic information and are essential for the synthesis of proteins.
7. What is the difference between DNA and RNA?
- DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) is double-stranded and stores genetic information.
- RNA (Ribonucleic acid) is single-stranded and helps in protein synthesis.
8. Which biomolecule is known as the “building block of life”?
Proteins are often referred to as the building blocks of life due to their role in forming cellular structures and functions.
9. What are enzymes and which biomolecule category do they belong to?
Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions. They are specialized proteins.
10. Are vitamins considered biomolecules?
Yes, vitamins are considered biomolecules, though they are required in smaller amounts. They assist in various metabolic and enzymatic activities.
biomolecules – Hand written best notes class 12