Class 10 Sample Paper 2026-27 with Solutions | CBSE All Subjects
Class 10 Sample Paper 2026-27 with Solutions विद्यार्थियों के लिए CBSE बोर्ड परीक्षा की तैयारी को बेहतर बनाने का एक उपयोगी अभ्यास संसाधन है। इस पेज पर आपको CBSE Class 10 Sample Papers 2026-27 के साथ उनके आसान और step-by-step Solutions दिए गए हैं, ताकि आप प्रत्येक प्रश्न का सही उत्तर समझकर अपनी तैयारी को मजबूत कर सकें।
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Class 10 Sample Paper 2026-27 with Solutions | CBSE All Subjects
Q1. The walls of arteries are thick and elastic primarily because they:
A. Carry blood at low pressure.
B. Transport blood away from the heart under high pressure.
C. Prevent the backflow of blood using valves.
D. Carry only deoxygenated blood.
Answer: B. Transport blood away from the heart under high pressure.
Explanation: Arteries carry blood away from the heart. The blood is pumped into them at high pressure, so their walls are thick, strong, and elastic to withstand and maintain this pressure.
Q2. A pea plant’s tendrils curl around a stick when they come into contact with it. Which type of tropic movement does this demonstrate?
A. Geotropism
B. Chemotropism
C. Phototropism
D. Thigmotropism
Answer: D. Thigmotropism
Explanation: Thigmotropism is the directional growth response of a plant to touch or physical contact. In pea plants, the tendrils coil around a support when they come into contact with it.
Q3. Ozone in the upper atmosphere is produced when oxygen (O₂)
molecules are exposed to:
A. Infrared radiation
B. Visible light
C. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation
D. Gamma rays
Answer: C. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation
Explanation: In the upper atmosphere, UV radiation breaks oxygen (O₂) molecules into oxygen atoms (O). These oxygen atoms then combine with O₂ molecules to form ozone (O₃).
Reaction:
O₂ + UV radiation → O + O
O + O₂ → O₃
Answer: C. Kidney → Ureter → Urinary bladder → Urethra
Explanation: Urine follows this pathway in the human excretory system:
Kidneys → Ureters → Urinary bladder → Urethra
- Kidneys: Filter the blood and form urine.
- Ureters: Carry urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder.
- Urinary bladder: Stores urine temporarily.
- Urethra: Carries urine out of the body.
Q4.The part in which gustatory receptors are present in human body is:
A. Skin
B. Tongue
C. Inner ear
D. Inner lining of nose
Answer: B. Tongue
Explanation: Gustatory receptors are taste receptors found mainly in the taste buds of the tongue. They help us detect different tastes such as sweet, sour, salty, bitter, and umami.
Q5.Which of the following describes the flow of energy through the
various trophic levels in an ecosystem?
A. Cyclic
B. Multidirectional
C. Reversible
D. Unidirectional
Answer: D. Unidirectional
Explanation: Energy in an ecosystem flows in one direction:
Sun → Producers → Primary Consumers → Secondary Consumers → Tertiary Consumers
At each trophic level, some energy is lost as heat, so energy does not flow back or cycle through the ecosystem.
Q6.The part in which gustatory receptors are present in human body is:
A. Skin
B. Tongue
C. Inner ear
D. Inner lining of nose
Answer: B. Tongue
Explanation: Gustatory receptors are taste receptors found mainly in the taste buds of the tongue. They help us detect different tastes such as sweet, sour, salty, bitter, and umami.
Answer: D. Medulla
Explanation: The medulla oblongata, a part of the hindbrain, controls many involuntary actions such as salivation, blood pressure, breathing, and heartbeat.
Class 10 Sample Paper 2026-27 with Solutions | CBSE All Subjects
| Sanple paper 2029 > Download |
.
The following two questions no.8 & 9 consist of two statements- Assertion (A) and Reason
(R). Answer these questions by selecting appropriate option given below:
A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. Both A and R are true, and R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is false but R is true.
Q8.Assertion (A): Xylem transports water and minerals from the roots to
the leaves.
Reason (R): Xylem transports food prepared by the leaves to all parts
of the plant
Answer: Assertion (A): True
Xylem transports water and minerals from the roots to the leaves and other parts of the plant.
Q9.Assertion (A): Tertiary consumers are usually found at the highest
trophic level in a food chain.
Reason (R): Tertiary consumers receive the maximum amount of
energy available in the ecosystem.
Assertion–Reason Answer
Assertion (A): True
Tertiary consumers generally occupy a higher trophic level in a food chain.
Q11.A. How does the human body respond when adrenaline is secreted into the blood?
Answer: When adrenaline (epinephrine) is released into the blood, it prepares the body for “fight or flight” in an emergency situation.
- Heartbeat becomes faster.
- Breathing rate increases.
- More blood is supplied to the muscles.
- Blood pressure increases.
- More glucose becomes
Q12.In a grassland ecosystem containing grass, grasshopper, frogs and snakes, pesticide was sprayed to control insects. Which organisms will show the highest concentration of pesticides in
its body? Name and describe the ecological phenomenon involved.
Answer:
Snakes will show the highest concentration of pesticides in their bodies.
The ecological phenomenon involved is called biomagnification.
Biomagnification is the gradual increase in the concentration of non-biodegradable toxic substances, such as pesticides, at each successive trophic level of a food chain.
Food chain:
Grass → Grasshopper → Frog → Snake
Q13.Describe the role of sensory neurons, relay neurons and motor neurons during a reflex action?
Answer: Role of Neurons During a Reflex Action
During a reflex action, the three types of neurons work together to produce a quick and automatic response.
- Sensory neuron: Carries the nerve impulse from the sensory receptor to the spinal cord.
- Relay neuron: Present in the spinal cord and connects the sensory neuron with the motor neuron. It passes the impulse to the motor neuron.
- Motor neuron: Carries the nerve impulse from the spinal cord to the effector muscle or gland, causing the appropriate response.
Flow:
Receptor → Sensory neuron → Relay neuron → Motor neuron → Effector
Q14.How does the pH medium of food change as it moves from the
stomach to the small intestine in human digestive system and why is
this change necessary?
Answer:
In the stomach, the food becomes acidic because hydrochloric acid (HCl) is released. When this food enters the small intestine, it is mixed with alkaline bile and pancreatic juice, which neutralise the acid and make the medium alkaline.
This change is necessary because pancreatic and intestinal enzymes work effectively in an alkaline medium and help in the digestion of food.
Q15.Plants coordinate their growth and development with the help of chemical substances called plant hormones. Auxin is produced at the shoot tip and helps the cells to grow. Gibberellins promote growth in the stem, while cytokinins promote cell division. Abscisic acid inhibits growth and is involved in responses to environmental stresses.
(a). Name the plant hormone that promotes growth in the stem.
(b). Which plant hormone inhibits growth and helps the plant respond to environmental stress?
Attempt either (c ) or (d).
(c).How does Auxin regulate phototropic movement in plants?
OR
(d).Enlist any two major functions of Gibberellins.
Answer
(a) The plant hormone that promotes growth in the stem is Gibberellin.
(b) The plant hormone that inhibits growth and helps the plant respond to environmental stress is Abscisic acid (ABA).
Attempt either (c) or (d)
(c) How does Auxin regulate phototropic movement in plants?
Auxin is produced at the shoot tip. When light falls from one side, auxin moves towards the shaded side of the shoot. It promotes greater cell elongation on the shaded side, causing the shoot to bend towards the light. This movement is called positive phototropism.
OR
(d) Enlist any two major functions of Gibberellins.
- Gibberellins promote growth and elongation of the stem.
- They help in breaking seed dormancy and promoting seed germination.
Q16.Attempt either Option A or B
A.
(i) Describe the three major events involved in photosynthesis.
The three major events involved in the conversion of solar energy into chemical energy are:
- Absorption of light energy: Chlorophyll absorbs solar energy.
- Conversion of light energy: The absorbed light energy is used to split water molecules and produce energy-rich substances.
- Formation of food: Carbon dioxide is converted into glucose (food) using the absorbed energy.
Overall equation:
6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂
(in the presence of sunlight and chlorophyll)
(ii) Two functions of stomata
- Stomata allow exchange of gases. Carbon dioxide enters the leaf and oxygen is released.
- Stomata help in transpiration, i.e., the loss of water vapour from the plant.
OR
B.
(i) Steps involved in nutrition in Amoeba
Nutrition in Amoeba is holozoic and occurs through the following steps:
- Ingestion: Amoeba surrounds the food particle with pseudopodia and takes it inside the cell.
- Digestion: The food is digested with the help of digestive enzymes inside the food vacuole.
- Absorption: The digested nutrients are absorbed into the cytoplasm.
- Assimilation: The absorbed nutrients are used for energy, growth and repair.
- Egestion: Undigested food is expelled from the cell.
Flow:
Ingestion → Digestion → Absorption → Assimilation → Egestion
(ii) Two methods of waste elimination in plants
- Through stomata and lenticels: Gaseous wastes such as oxygen and carbon dioxide are removed through stomata and lenticels.
- Storage and shedding: Some wastes, such as resins and gums, are stored in plant parts and are removed when leaves, bark or other parts are shed.
Section B
17.In a laboratory activity, a student adds a few zinc granules to a
conical flask containing dilute hydrochloric acid and observes gas
bubbles. He then touches the flask and notices it has become
warm. What do these observations indicate?
A. Only a physical change has occurred.
B. A chemical reaction has occurred which is endothermic.
C. A chemical reaction has occurred which is exothermic.
D. The gas evolved is carbon dioxide.
Answer : A chemical reaction has occurred which is exothermic.
Explanation:
When zinc reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid, hydrogen gas is produced and heat is released.
Reaction: Zn+2HCl→ZnCl2+H2+Heat
- Gas bubbles → Hydrogen gas is evolved
- Flask becomes warm → Heat is released
- Therefore, it is an exothermic chemical reaction.
Q18.What is the colour of methyl orange indicator in acidic and basic
media respectively?
A. Red in acidic medium, yellow in basic medium
B. Yellow in acidic medium, red in basic medium
C. Colourless in acidic medium, pink in basic medium
D. Pink in acidic medium, colourless in basic medium
Answer: A. Red in acidic medium, yellow in basic medium. ✅
Explanation:
Methyl orange is a pH indicator:
- In an acidic medium, it appears red.
- In a basic (alkaline) medium, it appears yellow.
Q19: What is the chemical formula of POP (Plaster of Paris)?
A. CaSO₄·2H₂O
B. CaSO₄·3H₂O
C. CaSO₄·½H₂O
D. CaCO₃·½H₂O
Answer: C. CaSO₄·½H₂O
Explanation: Plaster of Paris (POP) is calcium sulphate hemihydrate, with the chemical formula CaSO₄·½H₂O.
Q20: Equal concentrations of water, acetic acid and hydrochloric acid are taken. Which one of the following represents the correct increasing order of their pH values (from most acidic to least acidic)?
A. Water < Acetic acid < Hydrochloric acid
B. Water < Hydrochloric acid < Acetic acid
C. Acetic acid < Water < Hydrochloric acid
D. Hydrochloric acid < Acetic acid < Water
Answer: D. Hydrochloric acid < Acetic acid < Water
Explanation:
- Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is a strong acid, so it has the lowest pH.
- Acetic acid (CH₃COOH) is a weak acid, so its pH is higher than HCl.
- Water is neutral with a pH of about 7, so it has the highest pH.
Q21: Which pair of metal oxides shows amphoteric behaviour?
A. Al₂O₃ and ZnO
B. CuO and SO₃
C. Na₂O and MgO
D. Fe₂O₃ and CaO
Answer: A. Al₂O₃ and ZnO
Explanation:
Amphoteric oxides are oxides that react with both acids and bases to form salt and water.
- Al₂O₃ (Aluminium oxide) → amphoteric
- ZnO (Zinc oxide) → amphoteric
For example: Al2O3+6HCl→2AlCl3+3H2O
Thus, the correct answer is: A. Al2O3 and ZnO
: Assertion–Reason Type
The question consists of two statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose the correct option:
A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true, but R is false.
D. A is false, but R is true.
Q22.Assertion (A): When quick lime is added to water, it produces
heat.
Reason (R): Quick lime forms slaked lime when it comes in contact
with water and produces heat.
Answer: A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
Quick lime is calcium oxide (CaO). When it reacts with water, it forms slaked lime (calcium hydroxide) and releases heat. CaO+H2O→Ca(OH)2+Heat
Therefore, both the Assertion and Reason are true, and the Reason correctly explains the Assertion.
Q22: A shiny brown-coloured element ‘X’ on heating in air becomes black in colour. Name the element ‘X’ and the black-coloured compound formed.
Answer:
The element X is Copper (Cu), and the black-coloured compound formed is Copper(II) oxide (CuO).
Explanation:
Copper is a shiny reddish-brown metal. When heated in air, it reacts with oxygen to form black copper(II) oxide.
2Cu+O2→2CuO
- Element X: Copper (Cu)
- Black compound: Copper(II) oxide (CuO)
- Colour change: Reddish-brown → Black
Q23: A white powder is added while baking cakes to make them soft and spongy. Name its main ingredients. Write the chemical reaction taking place when the powder is heated during baking.
Answer:
The white powder is Baking Powder.
Main ingredients:
- Sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO₃) — baking soda
- Tartaric acid (an edible weak acid)
Reaction on heating:
Sodium hydrogen carbonate decomposes on heating to produce sodium carbonate, carbon dioxide, and water: 2NaHCO3→Na2CO3+CO2+H2O\
The CO₂ gas released makes the cake soft and spongy by creating bubbles in the dough.
Question: Attempt either (I) or (II)
I. Give reasons for the following:
(a) Only one-half of a water molecule is shown in the formula of Plaster of Paris.
Answer: Plaster of Paris is calcium sulphate hemihydrate, whose formula is: CaSO4⋅12H2O\boxed{CaSO_4\cdot \frac{1}{2}H_2O}
The formula indicates that one molecule of water is associated with two formula units of CaSO₄. Therefore, it is written as ½H₂O.
(b) Sodium hydrogen carbonate is used as an antacid.
Answer: Sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO3)(NaHCO_3) is a mild base. It neutralises excess hydrochloric acid in the stomach and provides relief from acidity.
NaHCO3+HCl→NaCl+H2O+CO2
Therefore, it is used as an antacid.
(c) On strong heating, blue-coloured copper sulphate crystals turn white.
Answer: Blue copper sulphate crystals are hydrated copper sulphate (CuSO4⋅5H2O)(CuSO_4\cdot5H_2O). On strong heating, they lose their water of crystallisation and form white anhydrous copper sulphate. CuSO4⋅5H2O→heatCuSO4+5H2OCuSO_4\cdot5H_2O \xrightarrow{\text{heat}} CuSO_4 + 5H_2O
Thus, the blue crystals turn white.
OR
II. During electrolysis of brine, a gas ‘G’ is liberated at the anode.
The gas G is chlorine (Cl₂). When chlorine is passed through slaked lime, bleaching powder is formed, which is used for disinfecting drinking water.
(a) Formula of G and C
- G: Chlorine → Cl2
- C: Bleaching powder → CaOCl2
(b) Chemical equations involved
Electrolysis of brine: 2NaCl+2H2O→2NaOH+H2+Cl2
Reaction of chlorine with slaked lime: Ca(OH)2+Cl2→CaOCl2+H2O
(c) Common name and chemical name of C
- Common name: Bleaching powder
- Chemical name: Calcium oxychloride
CaOCl2